![]() ![]() Most studies provided evidence of criterion-related validity (20 ) or reliability (15 ), while fewer studies provided evidence of construct validity, content validity, or internal structure. ![]() Only three studies (12%) used instruments developed specifically for use in a given cultural setting. These enrolled 12,544 women living in nine different North and sub-Saharan African countries. We included 25 unique studies, which were disseminated in 26 journal articles and 1 doctoral dissertation. Of 1,027 records identified through searching 7 electronic databases, we reviewed 126 full-text reports. We systematically reviewed the evidence on the reliability and validity of instruments to assess perinatal depression in African settings. A major barrier to improving perinatal mental health in Africa is the lack of locally validated tools for identifying probable cases of perinatal depression or for measuring changes in depression symptom severity. ![]()
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